Study on the Generalized Displacement Boundary and Its Analytical Prediction for Ground Movements Induced by Shield Tunneling

The process of shield tunnel excavation would inevitably cause surrounding ground movement, and excessive displacement in the soil could lead to large deformation even collapse tunnel. methods estimating convergence around opening is summarized. Then, a universal pattern boundary condition cavity originally introduced, which solved as combination three fundamental modes, namely, uniform convergence, vertical translation, ovalization. expression for above-mentioned derived, by imposing analytical solution movements, based on stress function method, proposed. reliability applicability this proposed are verified comparing observed data terms surface settlement, underground horizontal displacement. Further parametric analyses indicate following: (1) maximum settlement increases linearly with gap parameter radius, while it negatively related depth; (2) trough width independent proportional depth. This study provides new simple reliable method predicting movements induced tunneling.